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power_of_evolution:evolution_engineering_comparison:energy_efficiency_of_airbus_a320 [2022/09/21 07:37] (current)
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 +====== Energy efficiency of Airbus A320 ======
 +
 +// Published 05 November, 2020; last updated 10 December, 2020 //
 +
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>The Airbus A320:</p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<ul>
 +<li><div class="li">covers around 0.0078 m/kJ</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">and moves mass at around 0.33 – 0.61 kg.m/J</div></li>
 +</ul>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +
 +===== Details =====
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>The <em>Airbus A320</em> is a 1987 passenger plane.<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-1-2743"></span><span class="easy-footnote"><a href="#easy-footnote-bottom-1-2743" title='&amp;#8220;The&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Airbus A320 family&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;are&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrow-body_aircraft"&gt;narrow-body airliners&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;designed and produced by&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus"&gt;Airbus&lt;/a&gt;. The A320 was launched in March 1984,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiden_flight"&gt;first flew&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;on 22 February 1987, and was introduced in April 1988 by&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_France"&gt;Air France&lt;/a&gt;.”&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;“Airbus A320 Family.” In &lt;em&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;, October 30, 2020. &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airbus_A320_family&amp;amp;oldid=986182483"&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airbus_A320_family&amp;amp;oldid=986182483&lt;/a&gt;.'><sup>1</sup></a></span></p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +==== Distance per Joule ====
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>The plane uses 2.91 kg of fuel per km on a medium haul flight.<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-2-2743"></span><span class="easy-footnote"><a href="#easy-footnote-bottom-2-2743" title='“Fuel Economy in Aircraft.” In &lt;em&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;, October 22, 2020. &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuel_economy_in_aircraft&amp;amp;oldid=984919809"&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuel_economy_in_aircraft&amp;amp;oldid=984919809&lt;/a&gt;.'><sup>2</sup></a></span> We do not know what type of fuel it uses, but typical values for aviation fuel are around 44MJ/kg.<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-3-2743"></span><span class="easy-footnote"><a href="#easy-footnote-bottom-3-2743" title='&amp;#8220;The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_energy_content"&gt;net energy content&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;for aviation fuels depends on their composition. Some typical values are:&lt;sup&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_fuel#cite_note-15"&gt;[15]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;BP Avgas 80,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)#1E6"&gt;44.65&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule"&gt;MJ&lt;/a&gt;/kg, density at 15&amp;nbsp;°C is 690&amp;nbsp;kg/&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_metre"&gt;m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(30.81&amp;nbsp;MJ/litre).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Kerosene type BP Jet A-1, 43.15&amp;nbsp;MJ/kg, density at 15&amp;nbsp;°C is 804&amp;nbsp;kg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;(34.69&amp;nbsp;MJ/litre).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Kerosene type BP Jet TS-1 (for lower temperatures), 43.2&amp;nbsp;MJ/kg, density at 15&amp;nbsp;°C is 787&amp;nbsp;kg/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;(34.00&amp;nbsp;MJ/litre).&amp;#8221;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;“Aviation Fuel.” In &lt;em&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/em&gt;, September 13, 2020. &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aviation_fuel&amp;amp;oldid=978262126"&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aviation_fuel&amp;amp;oldid=978262126&lt;/a&gt;.'><sup>3</sup></a></span> Thus to fly a kilometer, the plane needs 2.91kg of fuel, which is 2.91 x 44 MJ = 128MJ of fuel. This gives us 0.0078 m/kJ</p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +==== Mass.distance per Joule ====
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>According to modernairliners.com, the A320’s ‘operating empty weight’ is 42,600 kg and its ‘maximum take-off weight’ is 78,000 kg.<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-4-2743"></span><span class="easy-footnote"><a href="#easy-footnote-bottom-4-2743" title='“Airbus A320 Specs &amp;#8211; Modern Airliners.” Accessed November 5, 2020. &lt;a href="https://modernairliners.com/airbus-a320-introduction/airbus-a320-specs/"&gt;https://modernairliners.com/airbus-a320-introduction/airbus-a320-specs/&lt;/a&gt;.'><sup>4</sup></a></span> We use the range 42,600—78,000 kg, since we do not know at what weight in that range the relevant speeds were measured.</p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>We have:</p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<ul>
 +<li><div class="li">Distance per kilojoule: 0.0078 m/kJ</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">Mass: 42,600—78,000 kg</div></li>
 +</ul>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p>This gives us a range of 0.33 – 0.61 kg.m/J</p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<p><br/>
 +<br/>
 +<em>Primary author: Ronny Fernandez</em></p>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
 +===== Notes =====
 +
 +
 +<HTML>
 +<ol class="easy-footnotes-wrapper">
 +<li><div class="li">
 +<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-bottom-1-2743"></span>“The <strong>Airbus A320 family</strong> are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrow-body_aircraft">narrow-body airliners</a> designed and produced by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus">Airbus</a>. The A320 was launched in March 1984, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiden_flight">first flew</a> on 22 February 1987, and was introduced in April 1988 by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_France">Air France</a>.”
 +                  <p>“Airbus A320 Family.” In <em>Wikipedia</em>, October 30, 2020. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airbus_A320_family&amp;oldid=986182483">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airbus_A320_family&amp;oldid=986182483</a>.<a class="easy-footnote-to-top" href="#easy-footnote-1-2743"></a></p>
 +</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">
 +<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-bottom-2-2743"></span>“Fuel Economy in Aircraft.” In <em>Wikipedia</em>, October 22, 2020. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuel_economy_in_aircraft&amp;oldid=984919809">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuel_economy_in_aircraft&amp;oldid=984919809</a>.<a class="easy-footnote-to-top" href="#easy-footnote-2-2743"></a>
 +</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">
 +<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-bottom-3-2743"></span>“The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_energy_content">net energy content</a> for aviation fuels depends on their composition. Some typical values are:<sup><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_fuel#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup>
 +<ul>
 +<li><div class="li">BP Avgas 80, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)#1E6">44.65</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule">MJ</a>/kg, density at 15 °C is 690 kg/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_metre">m<sup>3</sup></a> (30.81 MJ/litre).
 +                    </div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">Kerosene type BP Jet A-1, 43.15 MJ/kg, density at 15 °C is 804 kg/m<sup>3</sup> (34.69 MJ/litre).</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">Kerosene type BP Jet TS-1 (for lower temperatures), 43.2 MJ/kg, density at 15 °C is 787 kg/m<sup>3</sup> (34.00 MJ/litre).”</div></li>
 +</ul>
 +<p>“Aviation Fuel.” In <em>Wikipedia</em>, September 13, 2020. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aviation_fuel&amp;oldid=978262126">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aviation_fuel&amp;oldid=978262126</a>.<a class="easy-footnote-to-top" href="#easy-footnote-3-2743"></a></p>
 +</div></li>
 +<li><div class="li">
 +<span class="easy-footnote-margin-adjust" id="easy-footnote-bottom-4-2743"></span>“Airbus A320 Specs – Modern Airliners.” Accessed November 5, 2020. <a href="https://modernairliners.com/airbus-a320-introduction/airbus-a320-specs/">https://modernairliners.com/airbus-a320-introduction/airbus-a320-specs/</a>.<a class="easy-footnote-to-top" href="#easy-footnote-4-2743"></a>
 +</div></li>
 +</ol>
 +</HTML>
 +
 +
  
power_of_evolution/evolution_engineering_comparison/energy_efficiency_of_airbus_a320.txt · Last modified: 2022/09/21 07:37 (external edit)