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====== Examples of Regulated Things ======

//Published: 19 October, 2023; Last Updated: 19 October, 2023.//

//This page is in an early draft. It is very incomplete and may contain errors.//


Governments regulate many things.

==== Background ====

Some AI policy proposals involve regulating the hardware used to train and run AI models. To better understand how this could work, it might be useful to look at how other things have been regulated.

This page consists of a list of regulated things that might be relevant for thinking about how to regulate hardware.

==== Examples ====

The list below contains the following columns:
  * **What:** The thing that is being regulated.
  * **Who:** What level of government has passed and enforces the regulated.
  * **How Much:** Many regulations only apply if someone owns more than a certain amount of the regulated thing. X-ray machines are unusual in that the creation method for the x-rays is regulated, rather than the amount of x-rays produced.
  * **Type:** Some regulations put a **limit** on the maximum amount someone can own before more stringent regulations apply. For others, someone can buy more than that, but it requires a **license** or a **prescription** from someone with a license. Regulations can also require the owner to **register** any of the regulated thing.
  * **Source:** A link to further information.
 
^ What ^ Who ^ How Much ^ Type ^ Source ^
| Acetone | US | 150 kg | license | https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/j_chemlist_regulated.pdf |
| Natural uranium | US | 1.5 kg | limit | https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/part040/part040-0022.html |
| Materials with uranium | US | 0.05% | limit | https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/part040/part040-0013.html |
| Fireworks | US | 400 g | limit | https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/sites/phmsa.dot.gov/files/docs/approvals-and-permits/hazmat/energetic-materials-approvals/18296/safetyguidancefortheclassificationofanaerialshellkit.pdf |
| Distilling equipment | US | 1 gallon | limit | https://www.ttb.gov/distilled-spirits/distilled-spirits-faqs |
| Trash fires | California | 4' x 4' | limit | https://burnpermit.fire.ca.gov/before-you-burn/ |
| Chickens | San Francisco | 4 | limit | https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/san_francisco/latest/sf_health/0-0-0-43#JD_37 | 
| Guns | US | 0.5" diameter | limit | https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/uscode.php |
| Metal foundries | US | 10,000 tons / year | limit | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-63/subpart-ZZZZZ |
| Motor vehicles | California | any | registration | https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/handbook/california-driver-handbook/vehicle-registration-requirements/ |
| Motor vehicles | California | 26,000 lb GVWR | limit | https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/handbook/commercial-driver-handbook/california-driver-license-classes/ |
| Ibuprofen | US | 200 mg / tablet | prescription | |
| Drones | US | 0.55 lb | registration | https://www.faa.gov/uas/getting_started/register_drone |
| Pseudoephedrine | US | 7.5 grams / 30 days | limit | https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/meth/pl109_177.pdf |

//Primary authors: Rick Korzekwa and Jeffrey Heninger.//
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